Table 5.3. Recommended Preemergence Herbicide Rates (in Active Ingredients) for Common Tree
Fruit Soil Types

Soil Type

Sand

Loamy Sand

Sandy Loam

Loam

Silt Loam

Clay Loam

Preemergence

(residual)

Devrinol¹2-4

Goal2

Karmex²--

Kerb2

Norosac/Casoron4-6

Princep²--

Prowl2-4

Sinbar²--

Solicam--

Surflan¹2-4

2-4

2

--

2

4-6

--

2-4

--

--

2-4

2-4

2

--

2

4-6

--

2-4

--

--

2-4

2-4

2

--

2

4-6

--

2-4

--

2

2-4

2-4

2

--

2

4-6

--

2-4

--

--

2-4

2-4

2

1_

2

4-6

2

2-4

1_

2

2-4

2-4

2

2

2_

4-6

2

2-4

2

2_

2-4

2-4

2

2

2_

4-6

2

2-4

2

2_

2-4

2-4

2

2_

3

4-6

3

2-4

2_

2_

2-4

2-4

2

2_

3

4-6

2

2-4

2_

2_

2-4

2-4

2

3

3_

4-6

3

2-4

3

3

2-4

2-4

2

3

3_

4-6

3

2-4

3

3

2-4

2-4

2

3

4

4-6

4

2-4

3

4

2-4

1_{Use the lower recommended rate when tank-mixing with another preemergence herbicide, unless annual grass pressure}

is severe.

2_{Use one-half the recommended rate when tank-mixing with another preemergence herbicide.}

-- = Not labeled (do not use).

Good agitationis needed for uniform distribution of
the chemical in the spray solution. It is most important
when wettable powders are sprayed. Good agitation can be
achieved mechanically with paddles or hydraulically with
spray material from the bypass line. If hydraulic agitation
is used, be sure the pump has the capacity to spray and
agitate at the same time. Tank shape also affects agitation.
Corners and edges in tanks increase the agitation
requirement. The boom should be modified to reach under
the tree canopy. The outside nozzle should be of the offset
type to reach into the row.
Nozzle tipsmay be made from many materials,
including plastic, brass, stainless steel, and tungsten
carbide. Plastic and brass tips wear more rapidly and
should be replaced annually. Use ONLY stainless steel or
tungsten carbide nozzles if wettable powders are used
regularly. These products are abrasive and wear other tips
too quickly.
Flat fan nozzle tipsare designed for herbicide
application. Most herbicides should be applied with an
8002 to 8004 nozzle. Larger nozzles deliver too much
water. Smaller nozzles clog easily and produce more
"fine" spray particles, which drift easily. Flat fan nozzles
have a wide spray angle so the boom can be kept close to
the ground to reduce drift. They produce spray droplets
that are large enough not to drift easily and small enough

to provide good coverage of weeds with postemergence
herbicides with little or no run-off. Most herbicides can
be applied effectively with flat fan nozzles using between
10 and 50 gallons of water per acre.
Flood jet nozzle tipsare economical to use but do
not provide the uniform coverage obtained with flat fan
nozzles. They are suitable for applying preplant
incorporated and preemergence herbicides but are less
suited for postemergence herbicide application. The
droplets produced by flood jet nozzles are too large to wet
existing weed foliage uniformly without dripping or run-
off.
Postemergence herbicide results, using flood jet
nozzle tips, can be improved and may be acceptable by
using the following procedures to improve spray coverage:
1.Reduce the distance between nozzles on the boom
by one-half; for example, space the flood jet
nozzles 20 inches apart instead of the standard 40-
inch spacing. This will result in an overlapping
spray pattern, wetting both sides of a weed.
2.Spray at the maximum recommended pressure for
the flood jet nozzles being used.
3.Increase the amount of water sprayed per acre. Use
40 to 60 gallons per acre.

1998 New Jersey Commercial Tree Fruit Production Guide

41